Elena A. Kryukova, Tatyana V. Kuznetsova, Svetlana V. Kolmukidi DUTCH ELM DISEASE: TOPICAL PROTECTIVE MEASURES IN PLANTINGS OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15688/nsr.jvolsu.2019.1.4

Elena A. Kryukova, Doctor of Sciences (Agricultural), Professor, Leading Researcher of the Laboratory of Bioecology of Woody Plants, Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Universitetskiy, 97, 400062, Volgograd, Russian Federation, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .
Tatyana V. Kuznetsova, Candidate of Sciences (Agricultural), Junior Researcher, Laboratory of Bioecology of Woody Plants, Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Universitetskiy, 97, 400062 Volgograd, Russian Federation, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .
Svetlana V. Kolmukidi, Candidate of Sciences (Agricultural), Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Biotechnology, Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology, Complex Melioration and Protective Afforestation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prosp. Universitetskiy, 97, 400062 Volgograd, Russian Federation; Associate Professor, Department of Biology, Volgograd State University, prosp. Universitetskiy, 100, 400062 Volgograd, Russian Federation, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it. .

Abstract. The article presents the results of studies of a malicious disease of the elm, which causes vascular pathology - tracheomycosis, called the Dutch elm disease. Observations, collection and analysis of material infected with diseases were performed in plantations of the Volgograd region. Laboratory and field experiments were carried out according to appropriate generally accepted methods. We have developed principles and methods for the evaluation and selection of resistant to vascular mycoses of the elm, which have been reduced to the selection in plantations of healthy trees resistant to vascular mycoses; employment in studies of the species of elm, but mainly Ulmus pumila L. of the local population, as the most sustainable; employment of the inoculation method in assessing resistance to a highly aggressive pathogen strain; studying the mechanisms of resistance on biochemical grounds; vegetative propagation (root cuttings) for subsequent testing on the stability of selected forms; the selection and study of the stability of seed progeny of selected clones. Testing fungicides against causative agents of vascular mycoses was carried out as a prophylactic measure - disinfection of saw cuts after felling recovery. Highly effective were the systemic drugs Benomil and Strobi, penetrating into the depth of the wood and exhibiting protective functions. Bishal forms an oily film on the surface of the cuts, performing mechanical and preventive protection. On the trees, the cuts of which were treated with the FitosporinM biological preparation, there was also no spread of pathogenic infection. The effectiveness of the preparations was verified by laboratory sowing of samples taken from the treated cut on agar nutrient media. The highest efficacy of systemic drugs was in the range of 95.0–99.2%. As a result of many years of research (over 30 years), continuing to the present, according to the evaluation and selection of varying degrees of resistance of elmspecies, forms, hybrids and clones, highly resistant Ulmus pumila (typical) and its forms have been identified. They multiplied vegetatively and seed, then passed the test for resistance to the pathogen and are recommended for production purposes. According to the results of the audit, urban forestry techniques are effectively implemented in the urban ecosystem.
Key words: plant resistance, susceptibility, infection, heterogeneity, forms, clones, deep healing pruning, therapeutic and preventive measures.

Horse Ammunition. From the History of a Saddle by Lukyashko S.I. is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License 

Attachments:

4_Kryukova i dr.pdf URL: https://ns.jvolsu.com/index.php/en/component/attachments/download/732

387 Downloads