Doctor of Medical Sciences, Head of Laboratory of Clinical Psychology,

Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology,

Zemlyachki St., 76, 400138 Volgograd, Russian Federation;

Professor, Department of General and Clinical Psychology, Volgograd State Medical

University,

Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., 1, 400131 Volgograd, Russian Federation, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 

Candidate of Medical Sciences, Leading Researcher, Laboratory of Clinical

Psychology, Research Institute of Clinical and Experimental Rheumatology, Zemlyachki St., 76, 400138 Volgograd, Russian Federation;

Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Volgograd State University,

Prosp. Universitetsky, 100, 400062 Volgograd, Russian Federation, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

 

Assistant, Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Volgograd State Medical University, Pavshikh Bortsov Sq., 1, 400131 Volgograd, Russian Federation, This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.

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Abstract. The article describes the concepts of anxiety, stress, and physiological mechanisms of psychosomatic relationships. The authors give existing concepts and approaches in understanding and disclosure of anxiety as psychological and psycho-physiological phenomenon. Anxiety, as a factor of emotional instability, may act as maladaptive, hindering the development of emotional and volitional, cognitive sphere, becoming emotionally-personal entities. The emotional reaction is expressed in the form of constant anxiety, acts as a link between psychological and somatic spheres. Meaning of anxiety disorders in the genesis of psychopathological phenomena defines them as a “trunk of common neurotic organization.” Prolonged stress and the associated emotional tension are physiologically expressed in changing human neuro-humoral system and are implemented through the tension of the autonomic nervous system at different levels of regulation. Functional stage defeat in which gradually develops into a destructive and morphological changes in the somatic system generalization of psychosomatic diseases by “vulnerable body” and depends on the protectiveadaptive mechanisms of a particular individual. Thus, in this context psychological factor acts as a damaging factor. The emergence and strength of an anxiety disorder depends on the characteristics of a person and their stress resistance.

Key words: anxiety, psychosomatic medicine, stress, distress, mental trauma, stress resistance, intrapsychic adaptation, vegetative nervous system.